Undergraduate Courses

Scope, definition and historical development of Environmental Engineering. Overall and coherent view of environmental engineering concepts and education. Technical, economical and organizational considerations of environmental quality management. Environmental Ethics.

Scope of Environmental Chemistry. Important concepts of chemistry including pH, alkalinity, hardness, dissolved oxygen, BOD, and COD. Acid-base, dissolution-precipitation, coordination, oxidation-reduction chemistry and their environmental applications.

Introduction to environmental engineering calculations; analysis of pollution control processes: chemical and biochemical kinetics, mass balances, reactor analysis, energy balances, mass-transport processes with emphasis on environmental pollution control.

Introduction to general microbiology. Water and wastewater microbiology. Degradation metabolism, enzyme kinetics, batch growth kinetics. Recycling of minerals and nutrients. Epidemiology and control of diseases. Biological safety.

Colloidal systems. Brownian motion and diffusion. Behavior of particles under gravitational force. Electrical properties of particles. Mechanisms of coagulation and flocculation. Behaviour of gases. Phase equilibria. Transport properties.

Laboratory experience for environmental chemistry. Laboratory rules, safety regulations, and chemical hazards. Selected experiments: instrument calibration, volumetric, gravimetric and optical methods of analysis.

Third year students are required to complete 20 working days of summer practice and submit a report evaluated as part of their academic performance.

Freshwater, marine, estuarine and terrestrial ecology. Eutrophication and natural resource management. Ecosystem energy flows, nutrient cycles. Radiation ecology. Air pollution ecology. Toxicology and water quality criteria. Microbial ecology.

Screening, coagulation and flocculation, sedimentation and flotation, filtration, chemical precipitation, disinfection, ion exchange, adsorption, membrane processes and solids handling.

Types and characteristics of wastewaters. Screening, grit removal, equalization, sedimentation, flotation, gas transfer. Biological treatment processes (activated sludge, BNR, MBR, anaerobic units, attached growth). Chemical precipitation, membrane processes, AOP, adsorption, sludge disposal.

Atmosphere composition. Sources and scales of air pollution. Effects on human health, animals, plants and structures. Atmospheric chemistry and photochemical smog. Ambient air sampling, monitoring, meteorology. Air quality criteria, emission standards, stack sampling and dispersion modeling.

Continuous culture and inhibited growth kinetics. Chemostat cultures with and without biomass recycle. Plug-flow, fed-batch and repeated batch cultures. Activated sludge kinetics. Nitrification, denitrification and anaerobic systems. Microbiology of wastewater treatment.

Environment and diseases. Disease transmission. Vectors, parasites and their control. Principles of toxicology. Epidemiological studies. Development of health criteria. Application to home, work and community environments. Health administration.

Water management, sources and demand. Population estimation. Water transmission and distribution design. Pumps. Sewer appurtenances and special structures. Design of sanitary, storm and combined sewers. Hydraulics of sewers. Stormwater management.

Experimentation and data analysis in microbiology. Experiments involving chromatographic O₂ electrode, manometric and AAS techniques as applied to microbiology, and aerobic and/or anaerobic chemostat kinetics.

Reactive and nonreactive environmental processes. Mass transport in air, water and soil. Heat transport. Mass transfer and transformation processes. Governing equations for environmental systems. Computational aspects of environmental mass and heat transport.

Man and environment. Sources of pollution. Environmental impact of urban and industrial development. Water pollution and its control. Hydrological cycle. Water and wastewater treatment. Air pollution. Solid waste. Noise. Environmental Impact Assessment.

Fourth year students are required to complete 20 working days of summer practice on an environmental engineering project and submit a report evaluated as part of their academic performance.

Sources and composition of subsurface contaminants. Fluid flow and contaminant transport in soil and groundwater. Behavior of contaminants from landfills, spills, and agrochemical leaching. Regulatory issues. Soil and groundwater monitoring and remediation technologies.

Significance of wastewater reclamation and reuse in agriculture and industry. Planning and economic analysis of water reuse projects. Physicochemical mechanisms in tertiary treatment. Disinfection, distribution, storage and microbiological considerations in wastewater reclamation.

Scope of environmental modeling. System analysis and mathematical modeling fundamentals. Development and application of models for engineered and natural environmental systems. Computer applications using analytical and numerical solutions.

National environmental quality standards and compliance. Environmental loading and prevention of ecological deterioration. Current national and international standards. Risk-based land-use planning. Needs analysis for industrial facilities. Baseline assessment.

Engineering design concepts, ethics, project management, environmental legal infrastructure. Treatment plant processes, hydraulics and sludge handling. Application of environmental engineering principles on an open-ended design problem.

Continuation of ENVE 407. Tender management, safety and economic considerations. Cost analysis and project evaluation. Detailed design completed in teams with a final report and presentation.

Hydraulics of sewers. Design principles of sanitary, storm and combined sewers. Sewer appurtenances and pumping stations. Wastewater treatment plant hydraulics. Disposal and reuse of wastewaters.

Generation of solid wastes. On-site handling, storage and processing. Collection, transfer and transport. Processing techniques. Resource and energy recovery. Disposal methods: sanitary landfill, incineration, composting and other techniques.

Types of air pollution control equipment. Aerodynamics and fluid resistance to particle motion. Particle and gas separation: gravity, momentum, centrifugal separators, filters, scrubbers, electrostatic precipitators, absorbers. Design principles and industrial applications.

Sources and use of water. Water and wastewater characteristics. Water quality standards. Waste load management and assimilative capacity of receiving waters. Fate of pollutants. Modeling of water quality in natural systems.

Introduction to experimentation and report writing. Selected experiments: coagulation and flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, chemical precipitation, aeration, carbon adsorption and ion exchange.

Concepts of environmental impact assessment. Mathematical models applied to soil, water and air quality problems. Preparation of environmental impact statements. Case studies.

Sources and quantities of sludge from water and wastewater treatment. Sludge characteristics. Stabilization, pumping, conditioning, thickening, dewatering and drying. Sludge combustion and ultimate disposal.

Theory, principle and application of instruments used in environmental research. Group projects involving sampling, sample preparation and analysis of metals, organics and major ions. Students present and report data in a scientifically acceptable format.

Vertical structure and composition of the atmosphere. Atmospheric boundary layer flow. Energy balance. Atmospheric stability and inversions. Turbulence and vertical mixing. Air pollution potential. Plume rise. Transport and dispersion at local, regional and global scales.

Eco-efficiency, pollution prevention and cleaner production. Traditional end-of-pipe versus preventive environmental management. Cleaner production tools, environmental performance indicators and environmental management systems.

Biological macromolecules and their use as molecular tools. DNA/RNA extraction, PCR, gel electrophoresis, sequencing and bioinformatics. Application of molecular methods to environmental monitoring, microbial ecology and biotechnology.

Hazardous waste classification, generation rates and regulations. Waste minimization, recycling and recovery. Treatment using physicochemical, biological and thermal methods. Land storage and disposal of hazardous wastes. Site remediation and case studies.

Present health of the oceans. Need for pollution control. Potentially harmful substances: inorganic, organic, radioactive and solid waste. Marine environment as a waste-receiving body; environmental capacity. Potential impairment of marine ecosystems and water uses. Case studies.

Graduation research project carried out under the guidance of an assigned advisor. Research topic includes a literature survey, a laboratory study, or participation in an ongoing project. A final report and seminar are required at the end of the semester.

Cultural, economic and policy context of environmental toxicology. Major historical toxicological events. Occurrence, exposure, modes of toxic action, biotransformation. Dose-response and toxicity testing. Quantitative toxicology and QSAR. Defense responses. Classes of toxicants. Mutagens and endocrine disruption.

EU policy and legislation on environment and climate change compared with national legislation. EU accession negotiations for Turkey. Pre-accession financial assistance (IPA). Project cycle management and proposal preparation. Selection, procurement and implementation of municipal infrastructure projects in water and waste management.

Interconnected 21st-century challenges: sustainable supply of food, water and energy; climate change mitigation and adaptation; design of a future without pollution and waste; creation of resilient urban environments; informed decision making; tools for preparing environmental engineers for existing and upcoming challenges.